The attitude of the Buryat traditional society toward blacksmithing, which is perceived as hereditary occupation of those chosen by the family deities, presents itself as one of the main authority in solving challenges of ethnogenesis and cultural genesis for certain families within a tribe it belongs to, and for ethnic group in general. Comparative study of the Galzut family, which worships blacksmithing and is a part of Khori Buryat tribe and the Kyrgyz people, has shown the common features: the totemic worship of dogs with red coloring, same attitude toward the blacksmithing, sacredness of the smithy and blacksmithing tools, similarities in worship rituals of the blacksmithing deity and lexical similarity of the blacksmithing terms. The research has also revealed the similarity of the names and functions between deity of Buryat pantheon worshiped by Cis-Baikal shamans as the first celestial blacksmith and the Kyrgyz image of proto-smith. The pantheon of Baikal Buryats classifies the blacksmithing deity as a black and ancient one who taught 73 young blacksmiths the craft, and in epic Yakut tales his image resembles the Black Smith, which combines in his activities the craft of miner, smelter, charcoal burner and blacksmith who produces iron items. The study reveals the ethnic and cultural ties of the Galzut family with the Yenisei Kyrgyz, who played an important role in the ethnic history of the Baikal tribes in the pre-Mongolian period. This commonality was determined by the Caucasoid anthropological similarities of their common ethnic ancestors. The Galzuts, like the Yenisei Kyrgyz, use the same model to design the names of the clans and clan unions, emphasizing the special racial and anthropological features of their members. The Olkhon Island is common to all Buryat ethnic groups with Galzut genonym. The differences in the blacksmithing worship of individual groups within the Galzut genus, who emerged as a result of a single community, divided into 2 groups with different vectors of migrations. One group of the Galzuts from the Cis-Baikal territory migrated to the regions of Southern Altai, Western Mongolia, and the other, in the south-eastern direction to the Eastern Mongolia, the headwaters of the Onon river.

Dashieva Nadezhda Bazarzhapovna, Doctor of Sciences (History), Professor, East Siberian State Institute of Culture; 1, Tereshkova st., Ulan-Ude, Republic of Buryatia, Russia, 670031, e-mail: d210.002.02@yandex.ru

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