The Sixties is a specific sociocultural phenomenon of Russian (Soviet) history. This term refers to the post-war era of the mid-1950s – late 1960s, and means the generation of the Soviet intelligentsia, born approximately between 1925 and 1945s and formed by them subculture. This concept is used to assess the phenomena and changes associated with literature, art, social processes. Special assessments of this phenomenon in science have not been available yet. Some postmodern approaches are used in the study of sociocultural phenomena during studying the phenomenon of the “sixties” in archeology including the identification of certain cultural concepts and sociopsychological determinants, consideration of the integrity of the phenomenon through the analysis of individual parts in order to provide opportunities for self-identification. The factual base of this article consists of publications, personal knowledge and impressions of the author. After the “defeat” of the Petri’s Irkutsk archaeological school in the 1930s, and until the mid-1950s. archaeology at Irkutsk State University was in a flickering state. Since mid-1950s began the Renaissance of the Irkutsk archaeological school. The dotted lines of connections from the Petri school through his scholarly M. M. Gerasimov and the “guardians” of traditions of N. A. Florensov and S. V. Shostakovich associated with the Petri school were realized in the formation of a team of young researchers and the creation of a stable system of scientific archaeological research at the Irkutsk University. The activities of the new generation of the Irkutsk archaeological school were expressed in field researches, in the development of methods, approaches and concepts, in publication activity, in international relations, in the creation of corporate entities as special structures and training systems. This activity reflects all sociopsychological determinants and cultural concepts that are characteristic of the generation of the sixties in different areas of the existing Soviet society. The nature of this activity can be defined as a new “discovery” of Siberia - archaeological. This activity formed the basis for the development of archaeological science at Irkutsk State University, the implementation of which is ongoing today.

Berdnikova Natalia Evgenievna, Senior Researcher, Scientific Research Center “Baikal region”, Irkutsk State University; 1, K. Marx st., Irkutsk, 664003, Russian Federation, e-mail: nberd@yandex.ru

Berdnikova N. E. Sixties from Archaeology. Irkutsk School. Bulletin of the Irkutsk State University. Geoarchaeology, Ethnology, and Anthropology Series. 2019, Vol. 30, pp. 3–10. https://doi.org/10.26516/2227-2380.2019.30.3 (in Russ.)

Afanasiev Yu. Shestidesyatniki: itogi bezdumnogo puti [Sixties: the results of a thoughtless path]. Russkii zhurnal [Russian Journal]. 10.11.2011, available at: http://www.russ.ru/Mirovaya-povestka/SHestidesyatniki-itogi-bezdumnogo-puti (In Russ.)

Aksenov M. P. Stoyanka Cheremushnik: (K voprosu o meste badaiskoi kultury v kamennom veke Priangariya) [The Cheremushnik site: (to the question of the place of Badai culture in the Stone Age of the Angara Region)]. Drevnyaya Sibir. Sibirskii arkheologicheskii sbornik [Ancient Siberia. Siberian Archaeological Collection]. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ. 1966, Vol. 2, pp. 23–37. (In Russ.)

Aksenov M. P. Arkheologicheskie issledovaniya na mnogosloinom pamyatnike Verkholenskaya gora v 1963–1965 gg. [Archaeological research on the multilayer site Verkholenskaya gora in 1963–1965]. Otchety arkheologicheskikh ehkspeditsii za 1963–1965 gody: (materialy i doklady na nauchnoi sessii Instituta arkheologii AN SSSR) [Reports of archaeological expeditions for 1963–1965: (materials and papers at a scientific session of the Institute of Archaeology of the USSR Academy of Sciences). Irkutsk, Irkutsk regional local historian Museum Publ., 1966a, pp. 26–49. (In Russ.)

Aksenov M. P. Verkholenskaya gora – pamyatnik kamennogo veka Sibiri : avtoref. dis. … kand. ist. nauk [Verkholenskaya Gora – a Stone Age site of Siberia. Cand. histor. sci. syn. diss.]. Novosibirsk, 1969, 25 p. (In Russ.)

Aksenov V. Tainstvennaya strast. Roman o shestidesyatnikakh [Mysterious passion. A novel about the sixties]. Moscow, Sem dnei – Eestepona Publ., 2009, 648 p. (In Russ.)

Belyaeva K. S. Fenomen rossiyan — «shestidesyatnikov»: popytka identifikatsii [The phenomenon of the Russians – the sixties: an attempt to identify]. Vestnik MGUKI [Bulletin of Moscow State University of Culture and Art]. 2015, Is. 3 (65), pp. 65–71. (In Russ.)

Berdnikova N. E. «Mezolit» kak issledovatelskaya traditsiya. Chast 1. V poiskakh identifikatsii [Mesolithic as a research tradition. Part 1. In search of identification]. Izvestiya Irkutskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya Geoarkheologiya. Ehtnologiya. Antropologiya [Bulletin of the Irkutsk State University. Geoarchaeology, Ethnology, and Anthropology Series]. 2014, Vol. 8, pp. 15–30. (In Russ.)

Berdnikova N. E., Berdnikov I. M. Mezolit Baikalskoi Sibiri. 100 let issledovanii [Mesolithic of Baikal Siberia: 100 years of research]. Evraziya v kainozoe. Stratigrafiya, paleoekologiya, kultury [Eurasia in the Cenozoic. Stratigraphy, Paleoecology, Culture]. 2018, Vol. 7, pp. 200–207. (In Russ.)

Binford L. R. Archaeology as Anthropology. American Antiquity. 1962, Vol. 28, Is. 2, pp. 217–225.

Bykov D. Shestidesyatniki. Literaturnye portrety [Sixties. Literary portraits]. Moscow, Molodaya gvardiya Publ., 2019, 375 p. (In Russ.)

Gerasimova M. M., Medvedev G. I. Zhizn i deyatelnost Mikhaila Mikhailovicha Gerasimova [The life and work of Mikhail Mikhailovich Gerasimov]. Vestnik antropologii [Bulletin of Anthropology]. 1998, Vol. 5, pp. 12–26. (In Russ.)

Florensov V. A., Florensov N. A., Medvedev G. I. Neprotorennym putem: Zhizn i tvorchestvo M. M. Gerasimova [The Unbeaten Path: Life and Works of M. M. Gerasimov]. Irkutsk,: East-Siberian Publ., 1979, 111 p. (In Russ.)

Idlis Yu., Leibin V., Tarasevich G., Torgashev A., Khestanov R. Pochemu velikoe pokolenie shestidesyatnikov proigralo i kommunizm, i demokratiyu [Why the great generation of the sixties lost both communism and democracy]. Russkii reporter [Russian reporter]. 2014, Is. 1–3 (379). Available at: https://expert.ru/russian_reporter/2015/03/utopiya-60/ (In Russ.)

Man the Hunter. Chicago, Aldine Transaction, 1968, 415 p.

Materialy po drevnei istorii Sibiri (K 1-mu tomu "Istorii Sibiri") [Materials on the ancient history of Siberia (To the 1st volume of the “History of Siberia”)]. Ulan-Ude, AS USSR Publ., 1964, 740 p. (In Russ.)

Medvedev G. I. Mesto kultury Verkholenskoi gory v arkheologicheskoi periodizatsii Pribaikaliya [The place of culture of the Verkholenskaya Gora in the archaeological periodization of the Baikal region]. Voprosy istorii Sibiri i Dalnego Vostoka [Questions of the history of Siberia and the Far East]. Novosibirsk, SB AS USSR Publ., 1961. pp. 235–244. (In Russ.)

Medvedev G.I. Arkheologicheskie issledovaniya mnogosloinoi paleoliticheskoi stoyanki Krasnyi Yar na Angare v 1964–1965 gg. [Archaeological studies of the multilayered of Krasny Yar Paleolithic site on the Angara in 1964–1965]. Otchety arkheologicheskikh ehkspeditsii za 1963–1965 gody: (materialy i doklady na nauchnoi sessii Instituta arkheologii AN SSSR) [Reports of archaeological expeditions for 1963–1965: (materials and papers at a scientific session of the Institute of Archaeology of the USSR Academy of Sciences). Irkutsk, Irkutsk Regional Local Museum Publ., 1966, pp. 5–25. (In Russ.)

Medvedev G. I. Novye dannye o nizhnikh sloyakh Ust-Beloi [New data on the lower layers of Ust-Belaya site]. Drevnyaya Sibir. Vyp. 2: Sibirskii arkheologicheskii sbornik [Ancient Siberia. Vol. 2: Siberian Archaeological Collection]. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 1966a, pp. 38–51. (In Russ.)

Medvedev G. I. Mezolit Verkhnego Priangariya : avtoref. dis. … kand. ist. nauk [Mesolithic of the Upper Angara. Cand. histor. sci. syn. diss.]. Moscow, 1968, 28 p. (In Russ.)

Medvedev G. I. K voprosu ob iznachalnykh formakh nakonechnikov strel v Priangarie [To the question of the initial forms of arrowheads in the Angara region]. Trudy Irkutskogo universiteta. [Proceedings of the Irkutsk State University]. 1968a, Vol. 55, Seriya Istoriya [History Series], Is. 1, pp. 222–233. (In Russ.)

Medvedev G. I. Rannepaleoliticheskie mestonakhozhdeniya na yuge Vostochnoi Sibiri [Early Paleolithic Sites in the South of Eastern Siberia]. Kamennyi vek Srednei Azii i Kazakhstana: Tezisy dokladov soveshchaniya [Stone Age of Central Asia and Kazakhstan: Abstract report]. Tashkent, Fan Publ., 1972, pp. 28–30. (In Russ.)

Medvedev G. I. Novye paleoliticheskie mestonakhozhdeniya v doline reki Angary [New Paleolithic Sites in the Angara River Valley]. Antropologicheskaya rekonstruktsiya i problemy paleogeografii [Anthropological Reconstruction and Problems of Paleogeography]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1973, pp. 148–152. (In Russ.)

Medvedev G. I. 70 let so dnya rozhdeniya M. M. Gerasimova i 50 let so dnya otkrytiya Maltinskoi paleoliticheskoi stoyanki [70 years since the birth of M. M. Gerasimov and 50 years since the opening of the Malta Paleolithic site]. Arkheologiya i ehtnografiya Vostochnoi Sibiri: Tezisy dokladov k regionalnoi konferentsii [Archaeology and Ethnography of Eastern Siberia: Abstract of reports ]. Irkutsk, ISU Publ., 1978, pp. 5–8. (In Russ.)

Medvedev G. I. K istorii arkheologicheskikh nauchnykh issledovanii v Irkutskom universitete [On the history of archaeological research at the Irkutsk University]. Irkutskii universitet [Irkutsk University]. September, 1997. (In Russ.)

Medvedev G. I. Sergei Vladimirovich Shostakovich – kakim on zhivet v pamyati [Sergei Vladimirovich Shostakovich – how he lives in memory]. Pamyati Sergeya Vladimirovicha Shostakovicha. Vospominaniya i nauchnye statii. K 100-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya [In memory of Sergei Vladimirovich Shostakovich. Memoirs and scientific articles. To the 100th anniversary of his birth]. Irkutsk, Ottisk Publ., 2002, pp. 10–25. (In Russ.)

Medvedev G. I. Irkutskaya shkola arkheologii [Irkutsk School of Archaeology]. Istoriya i istoriki. 90 let istoricheskoi shkole IGU [History and Historians. 90 years of the historical school of ISU]. Irkutsk, Ottisk Publ., 2008, pp. 37–46. (In Russ.)

Medvedev G .I. O regionalizme v paleolitovedenii Severnoi Azii. Istoriograficheskii syuzhet [About regionalism in the paleolithology of North Asia. Historiographic story]. Drevnie kultury Mongolii i Baikalskoi Sibiri [Ancient cultures of Mongolia and Baikal Siberia]. Irkutsk, ISTU Publ., 2011, Vol. 2, pp. 122–126. (In Russ.)

Medvedev G. I. Universitetskoi nauchnoi arkheologii Severnoi Azii – 95 let [University Scientific Archeology of North Asia – 95th Anniversary]. Izvestiya Irkutskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya Geoarkheologiya. Ehtnologiya. Antropologiya [Bulletin of the Irkutsk State University. Geoarchaeology, Ethnology, and Anthropology Series]. 2013, Vol. 2 (3), pp. 176–202. (In Russ.)

Medvedev G. I., Kononova T. N. Predislovie [Preface]. Vuzovskaya nauchnaya arkheologiya i ehtnologiya Severnoi Azii. Irkutskaya shkola 1918–1937 gg.: Materialy vserossiiskogo seminara, posvyashchyonnogo 125-letiyu Berngarda Eduardovicha Petri [University scientific Archaeology and Ethnology of North Asia. Irkutsk school 1918–1937: Materials of All-Russia seminar, dedicated 125th anniversary of Bernhard Eduardovich Petri]. Irkutsk, Amtera Publ., 2009, pp. 3–9. (In Russ.)

Medvedev G. I., Turov M. G. Arkheologicheskie i ehtnograficheskie issledovaniya Baikalskoi Azii. K istorii tendentsii razvitiya (posleslovie) [Archaeological and ethnographic studies of Baikal Asia. On the history of development trends (afterword)]. Vuzovskaya nauchnaya arkheologiya i ehtnologiya Severnoi Azii. Irkutskaya shkola 1918–1937 gg.: Materialy vserossiiskogo seminara, posvyashchyonnogo 125-letiyu Berngarda Eduardovicha Petri [University scientific Archaeology and Ethnology of North Asia. Irkutsk school 1918–1937: Materials of All-Russia seminar, dedicated 125th anniversary of Bernhard Eduardovich Petri]. Irkutsk, Amtera Publ., 2009, pp. 378–382. (In Russ.)

Nosov E. N. (ed.). Akademicheskaya arkheologiya na beregakh Nevy (ot RAIMK do IIMK RAN, 1919–2014 gg.). [Academic Archaeology on the riversides of the Neva (from RAHMC to IHMC RAS, 1919–2014)]. St. Petersburg, Dmitrii Bulanin Publ., 2013, 416 p. (In Russ.)

Serebryakova E. G. Normativnaya model povedeniya «shestidesyatnika» [Normative model of behavior of the “sixties”]. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Kulturologiya i iskusstvovedenie [Bulletin of Tomsk State University. Culturology and Art History]. 2013, Vol. 4 (12), pp. 31–40. (In Russ.)

Shestidesyatniki [Sixties]. Moscow, Liberal Mission Foundation Publ., 2007, 208 p. (In Russ.)

Sokolov A. V. Dva pokoleniya sovetskoi intelligentsii: shestidesyatniki i vosmidesyatniki [Two generations of the Soviet intelligentsia: the sixties and eighties]. Mir Rossii [World of Russia]. 2007, Is. 3, pp. 74–111. (In Russ.)

Sokolov A. V. Intelligenty i intellektualy v rossiiskoi istorii [Intelligentsia and intellectuals in Russian history]. St. Petersburg, SPbSU Publ., 2007a, 341 p. (In Russ.)

Svinin V. V. Arkheologicheskie issledovaniya na severnom poberezhie ozera Baikal v 1963–1965 gg. [Archaeological research on the northern coast of Lake Baikal in 1963–1965]. Otchety arkheologicheskikh ehkspeditsii za 1963–1965 gody: (materialy i doklady na nauchnoi sessii Instituta arkheologii AN SSSR) [Reports of archaeological expeditions for 1963–1965: (materials and papers at a scientific session of the Institute of Archeology of the USSR Academy of Sciences)]. Irkutsk, Irkutsk Regional Local Museum Publ., 1966, pp. 50–69. (In Russ.)

Svinin V. V. Issledovatel Sibiri: (125 let so dnya rozhdeniya I. D. Cherskogo) [Researcher of Siberia: (125th anniversary of the birth of I. D. Chersky)]. Kalendar znamenatelnykh i pamyatnykh dat na 1969 god (po Irkutskoi oblasti) [Calendar of significant and memorable dates for 1969 (in the Irkutsk region)]. Irkutsk, 1969, pp. 41–44. (In Russ.)

Svinin V. V. Mikhail Pavlovich Ovchinnikov: (125 let so dnya rozhdeniya) [Mikhail Pavlovich Ovchinnikov: (125th birthday)]. Kalendar znamenatelnykh i pamyatnykh dat na 1969 god (po Irkutskoi oblastI). [Calendar of significant and memorable dates for 1969 (in the Irkutsk region)]. Irkutsk, 1969a, pp. 47–49. (In Russ.)

Svinin V. V. Arkheologiya ozera Baikal : avtoref. dis. … kand. ist. nauk [Archaeology of Lake Baikal. Cand. histor. sci. syn. diss.]. Novosibirsk, 1970, 20 p. (In Russ.)

Vail P., Genis A. 60-e. Mir sovetskogo cheloveka [60s. The world of Soviet man]. Moscow, Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie Publ., 2001, 368 p. (In Russ.)