The burial ground on Kola Olenii Ostrov of the Barents Sea was discovered in 1925. This burial ground is the most ancient and the only one in this region. It dates back to the second half of the 2nd millennium BC. It is situated in the southern part of the island on the residual outcrop of the shell-sand marine terrace. The objective of this work is to make a sculptural reconstruction and to analyze morphological characteristics of the skeleton connected with the adaptation to the far north conditions. We have studied the adult individual’s skeleton and made the sculptural reconstruction of his face according to the method invented by M. M. Gerasimov. The horizontal flatness at the nasal ridge level, shape of nose and eyes, breadth and development of cheekbones demonstrated by the sculptural reconstruction of the man from the burial No.13 are indicative of his Uraloid origins. The proportions of limb skeleton (especially legs) suggest adaptation to cold conditions. The intravital stature of the individual was very short (159.3 cm). Robustness of the bones is variable. The specific development of muscular pattern suggests that this individual spent much time at the sea and rowed a lot. The main pathologies detected on the skeleton are connected with elderly age or with constant cold impact. Most of pathological changes were concentrated in the dentofacial system. There was a buried newborn child lying on the old man’s chest. The child’s mandible had a drilled hole.

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Khartanovich V. I., Moiseev V. G. Antropologicheskii sostav drevnego naseleniya Kolskogo poluostrova (po kraniologicheskim materialam mogilnika epokhi rannego metalla na Bolshom Oleniem ostrove Barentseva moray [Anthropological composition of the ancient population of the Kola Peninsula (according to craniological materials from the burial ground of the Early Metal on the Large Reindeer Island in the Barents sea]. Mezolit i neolit Vostochnoi Evropy: khronologiya i kulturnoe vzaimodeistvie [The Mesolithic and Neolithic of Eastern Europe: Chronology and cultural interaction]. St. Petersburg, IHMC RAS Publ., MAE RAS, 2012, pp. 153–159. (in Russ.)

Khartanovich V. I., Moiseev V. G. Vozvrashchayas k voprosu o formirovanii sovremennogo naseleniya Severa evropeiskoi chasti Rossii i vostochnobaltiiskogo regiona [Re-turning to the question of the modern population formation in North of European Russia and the Eastern Baltic region]. Perekhodnye epokhi v arkheologii: materialy arkheologicheskoi konferentsii «XIX Uralskoe arkheologicheskoe soveshchanie» [Transitional epochs in Archaeology: Proceedings of the archaeological conference “XIX Ural archaeological meeting”]. Syktyvkar, ILLH of Komi SC UB RAS Publ., 2013, pp. 169–172. (in Russ.)

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Shumkin V. Ya. Kolskii Oleneostrovskii mogilnik epokhi rannego metalla v Murmanskoi oblasti [Kola Oleneostrovsky burial ground of an Epoch of Early Metal in the Murmansk region]. Problemy izucheniya epokhi pervobytnosti i rannego Srednevekoviya lesnoi zony Vostochnoi Evropy: K 60-letiyu A. V. Utkina [Study problems of the Prehistory Era and the Early Middle Ages of the forest zone of Eastern Europe: the 60th anniversary of A. V. Utkin]. Ivanovo, Publisher Olga Episheva, 2015, Vol. 4, pp. 177–187. (in Russ.)

Shumkin V. Ya., Khartanovich V. I., Borutskaya S. B., Vasiliev S. V. Rezultaty arkheologo-antropologicheskogo issledovaniya pozdneneoliticheskogo mogilnika Bolshogo Oleniego ostrova Kolskogo zaliva [The results of the archaeological-anthropological study of Late Neolithic burial ground of the Large Reindeer island in the Kola Gulf]. Ekologiya i demografiya cheloveka v proshlom i nastoyashchem [Ecology and Demography of a person in the past and present]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 2007, pp. 51–53. (in Russ.)

Shumkin V. Ya., Murashkin A. I. Novye dannye o mogilnike na Bolshom Oleniem ostrove Barentseva morya [New data on the burial ground on the Large Reindeer Island in the Barents sea]. Arkheologicheskie Vesti [Archaeological News]. St. Petersburg, Dmitry Bulanin Publ., 2003, Is. 10, pp. 26–30. (in Russ.)