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«BULLETIN OF THE IRKUTSK STATE UNIVERSITY. GEOARCHAEOLOGY, ETHNOLOGY, AND ANTHROPOLOGY SERIES»
ISSN 2227-2380 (Print)

List of issues > «Geoarchaeology, Ethnology, and Anthropology Series». 2023. Vol 43

Neolithic and Early Bronze Age of Cis-Baikal: Spatiotemporal Patterns of Cemetery Use

Full text (russian)
Author(s)
A. W. Weber, V. I. Bazaliiskii, O. I. Goriunova, R. J. Schulting, C. Bronk Ramsey
Abstract
Hunter-gatherer archaeology typically focusses on the details of subsistence strategies and material culture and, in the case of cemeteries, on various aspects of mortuary practices, beliefs, and social differentiation. This paper aims to look rather at patterns of change over time and space in how past hunter-gatherer cemeteries were used from Late Mesolithic to Early Bronze Age (~8600–3500 cal BP) in the Cis-Baikal region of Eastern Siberia. The approach is based on a Kernel Density Estimate methodology applied to 560 radiocarbon dates obtained for individual burials from 65 cemeteries and representing 5 distinct mortuary traditions. This enables a number of different types of analysis to be performed at different scales: (1) It is possible to examine the overall tempo of burial events at each cemetery or a group of cemeteries; (2) Within each cemetery the spatial patterns of the sequence of graves and burials can be analyzed further; (3) It is possible to compare the different cemetery-specific chronologies within the microregional or regional context; and (4) Although tentatively at this time, the spatiotemporal pattern of cemetery use over the whole region can be visualised. The spatiotemporal analysis of individual cemeteries shows that each one had its own pattern, some very distinct and clear in their characteristics, which relate to the role the cemetery played for the local group, and within the microregional or regional population. On the regional scale some broader patterns such as shifts in frequency of burial events between microregions within mortuary traditions are visible. However, at this scale the existing sampling biases require caution in assessment of the results and future fieldwork will help improve the analysis and insights. On the other hand, many of the individual cemeteries have been excavated in full and such comprehensive datasets already provide a range of entirely new and important insights into cemetery use by the Middle Holocene hunter-gatherers of Cis-Baikal.
About the Authors

Weber Andrzej Witold, PhD, Professor of Department of Anthropology, University of Alberta; 13-15 HM Tory Building, Edmonton, AB Т6G 2H4, Canada, Adjunct professor, Laboratoire Méediterranéen de Préhistoire Europe Afrique (LAMPEA) – UMR 7269, Aix-Marseille Université; 5 rue du Château de l’Horloge, B.P. 647, Aix-en-Provence, Cedex 2, 13094, France, Head of the Laboratory of Geoarcheology of Baikal Siberia of Scientific Research Center “Baikal Region”, Irkutsk State University; 1, K. Marx St., Irkutsk, 664003, Russian Federation. e-mail: aweber@ualberta.ca

Bazaliiskii Vladimir Ivanovich, Research Engineer, Scientific Research Center “Baikal Region”, Irkutsk State University; 1, K. Marx St., Irkutsk, 664003, Russian Federation, e-mail: bazalirk@yandex.ru

Goriunova Olga Ivanovna, Senior Researcher, Scientific Research Center “Baikal Region”, Irkutsk State University, 1, K. Marx St., Irkutsk, 664003, Russian Federation. e-mail: as122@yandex.ru

Schulting Rick John, Professor of Scientific and Prehistoric Archaeology, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford; Dyson Perrins Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QY, United Kingdom, e-mail: rick.schulting@arch.ox.ac.uk

Bronk Ramsey Christopher, Professor of Scientific Archaeology, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford; Dyson Perrins Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QY, United Kingdom, e-mail: christopher.ramsey@rlaha.ox.ac.uk

For citation
Weber A. W., Bazaliiskii V. I., Goriunova O. I., Schulting R. J., Bronk Ramsey C. Neolithic and Early Bronze Age of Cis-Baikal: Spatiotemporal Patterns of Cemetery Use. Bulletin of the Irkutsk State University. Geoarchaeology, Ethnology, and Anthropology Series. 2023, Vol. 43, pp. 60–127. https://doi.org/10.26516/2227-2380.2023.43.60 (in Russ.)
Keywords
Eastern Siberia, Cis-Baikal, Middle Holocene, Mesolithic, Neolithic, Early Bronze Age, hunter-gatherers, cemeteries, patterns of use, radiocarbon dating, radiocarbon modelling.
UDC
903.5(571.53)"634/637"
DOI
https://doi.org/10.26516/2227-2380.2023.43.60
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