This is the first time when the results of petrographic analysis of early ceramics Malyshevo culture (the Lower Amur region) are presented. The main objects of our investigation were the characteristics of the raw materials and pottery pastes from the sites Malyshevo 1, Amursky Sanatory, Sheremetievo I and Gasya. For every site separately and for the whole complex in general we identified the recipes of pottery pastes, the raw materials (like hydromicaceous, silty, high ironed clays), the tempers (like sand, gruss, grog). In the article two traditions (mineral and mineral+grog) were defined. We also suggested three stages of the development of pottery traditions of early Malyshevo culture – early, middle and late. We compared the results with the investigations of the initial Neolithic (Osypovka, Gromatukha cultures) and Early Neolithic (Mariinsk, Kondon (the early complex), Rudnaya Pristan cultures) Ages of Amur region and Primorye. The similar features, stadial and cultural, were defined.