We have presented the history data of the formation of one of the most important areas of the study of human and nature in North Asia in the geological past Pleistocene and Holocene on the shores of the Baikal. In other words, the article focuses on «geoarchaeological baikal study», its origin, evolution, current state and assessment of the prospects for the future research. The authors offer a description and characteristics of the events, geoarchaeological objects, personalities that is covering a period of about 300 years. Geoarchaeological Baikal study is viewed on a broad background of general archaeological research in the areas of platform Baikal in Siberia. Many of the materials for publication is little known or previously had a different interpretation. In the future we plan to propose a scheme of geoarchaeological zoning of the shores of Lake Baikal, to talk about research of the cave objects, new places of rock carvings, stone walls, «settlement» and much more.