The reasons of the Little Ice Age are still a scientific mystery. Many of the assumptions that were made about it, do not line up in a single simple and logical line. Therefore, we will focus on a number of factors, which undoubtedly served as a trigger for the emergence of this extraordinary natural and climatic phenomenon. However, such "failures" occurred in the past and, moreover, repeated cyclically. This conclusion is based on the astrophysical and meteorological facts. Frequency of natural climatic changes is due to the joint variations in the intensity of the flow of cosmic rays and solar activity. Indicator of such variations is temporary fluctuations in the concentration of ¹⁴C in the organic remains that enhances our ability reconstruction of solar activity to 30–35 thousand years. The Little Ice Age was characterized by relatively cold winter and summer periods of high humidity and abundant rainfall. In parallel there is steric fluctuations in global sea level, mainly due to the negative trend, it contributed to a relative increase in land area and further cooling.