The article presents some aspects of traditional shamanism, in particular the peculiarities of black shamanism of the Cis-Baikal Buryats at the end of XIX – beginning of XXI centuries, based on ethnological sources and field materials. The analysis of shamanism of Cis-Baikal Buryats gave the author the possibility to reveal some specific character of black shamanism in traditional culture conditioned by the peculiar feature of mythical-poetical world picture of different tribes: bulagats, ekhirits and khongodors. It allows the author to tell about their ethnic and cultural roots, different from each other, and also about the process of ethnocultural mutual relations between the Buryat tribes and their neighbors. Consequently, we reveal some distinction of cult sphere and of social consecration of black shamans at Cis-Baikal Buryats. We pointed out the role of shaman heredity in becoming black shamanism and described the cult personages. The obtained results demonstrate rather complicated picture of the development of traditional Buryat religion – shamanism.